Define neurocognitive disorder terminology in DSM-5-TR.

• A. A transient mood disturbance lasting a few days.
• B. A motor impairment absent of cognitive changes.
• C. An acute infection affecting cognition.
• D. A decline in cognitive function from a previous level in one or more cognitive domains; includes major and mild neurocognitive disorder.

Answer: (D)

Neurocognitive disorders in DSM-5-TR are defined by a decline from a previous level of cognitive functioning in one or more cognitive domains, such as memory, attention, language, or executive function. This decline can be categorized as major neurocognitive disorder, which involves substantial impairment that interferes with independence in daily life, or mild neurocognitive disorder, which involves modest impairment but still allows independence with some compensatory efforts. This framework emphasizes how much a person’s thinking ability has changed from their baseline and how that change affects everyday functioning. The other options describe conditions that do not fit this definition: a transient mood disturbance, a motor issue without cognitive changes, or an acute infection affecting cognition.