Which term describes the procedure for statistically combining results from many different research studies?

• A. Meta-analysis
• B. Evidence-based practice
• C. Psychopharmacology
• D. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Answer: (A)

Meta-analysis is the method used to combine results from multiple studies into a single, overall estimate. It takes the results from individual studies, standardizes them into a common metric, and then blends those results using statistical models that weight each study by how precise its estimate is. This approach increases statistical power, helps clarify whether findings are consistent across different samples and methods, and reveals the reliability of the overall effect. It also allows researchers to explore how study differences might influence results and to assess potential biases like publication bias.

Other terms refer to different ideas. Evidence-based practice is about using the best available research to guide clinical decisions, not pooling data statistically. Psychopharmacology is the study of how drugs affect the mind and behavior, and electroconvulsive therapy is a treatment technique.