Which therapy is a humanistic approach developed by Carl Rogers that emphasizes active listening and an accepting environment?

• A. Cognitive therapy
• B. Client-centered therapy
• C. Psychoanalysis
• D. Behavior therapy

Answer: (B)

This item tests knowledge of a humanistic therapy developed by Carl Rogers that emphasizes a warm, accepting environment and active listening. In client-centered therapy, the therapist provides unconditional positive regard, genuine empathy, and congruence, while guiding the session in a non-directive way so the client leads the exploration. Active listening, including reflective statements that paraphrase and clarify the client’s feelings, helps the person feel understood and safe to examine their experiences, promoting self-discovery and growth. This approach aims to tap into the client’s own resources for change rather than interpreting hidden conflicts or teaching new behaviors. By contrast, cognitive therapy focuses on changing distorted thinking, psychoanalysis emphasizes uncovering unconscious conflicts, and behavior therapy targets modifying observable behaviors through learning principles.